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Edit: NonOO.pod
=pod =encoding utf-8 =head1 NAME Type::Tiny::Manual::NonOO - Type::Tiny in non-object-oriented code =head1 MANUAL Although Type::Tiny was designed with object-oriented programming in mind, especially Moose-style classes and roles, it can be used in procedural and imperative programming. If you have read L<Type::Tiny::Manual::UsingWithMoo>, you should understand how L<Type::Params> can be used to validate method parametters. This same technique can be applied to regular subs too; just don't C<shift> off C<< $self >>. More information about checking parameters can be found in L<Type::Tiny::Manual::Params>. The C<< is_* >> and C<< assert_* >> functions exported by type libraries may be useful in non-OO code too. See L<Type::Tiny::Manual::UsingWithMoo3>. =head2 Type::Tiny and Smart Match Perl 5.10 introduced the smart match operator C<< ~~ >>, which has since been deprecated because though the general idea is fairly sound, the details were a bit messy. Nevertheless, Type::Tiny has support for smart match and I'm documenting it here because there's nowhere better to put it. The following can be used as to check if a value passes a type constraint: $value ~~ SomeType Where it gets weird is if C<< $value >> is an object and overloads C<< ~~ >>. Which overload of C<< ~~ >> wins? I don't know. Better to use: SomeType->check( $value ) # more reliable, probably faster is_SomeType($value) # more reliable, definitely faster It's also possible to do: $value ~~ SomeType->coercion This checks to see if C<< $value >> matches any type that can be coerced to B<SomeType>. But better to use: SomeType->coercion->has_coercion_for_value( $value ) =head2 C<given> and C<when> Related to the smart match operator is the C<given>/C<when> syntax. This will not do what you want it to do: use Types::Standard qw( Str Int ); given ($value) { when (Int) { ... } when (Str) { ... } } This will do what you wanted: use Types::Standard qw( is_Str is_Int ); given ($value) { when (\&is_Int) { ... } when (\&is_Str) { ... } } Sorry, that's just how Perl be. Better though: use Types::Standard qw( Str Int ); use Type::Utils qw( match_on_type ); match_on_type $value => ( Str, sub { ... }, Int, sub { ... }, ); If this is part of a loop or other frequently called bit of code, you can compile the checks once and use them many times: use Types::Standard qw( Str Int ); use Type::Utils qw( compile_match_on_type ); my $dispatch_table = compile_match_on_type( Str, sub { ... }, Int, sub { ... }, ); $dispatch_table->($_) for @lots_of_values; As with most things in Type::Tiny, those coderefs can be replaced by strings of Perl code. =head1 NEXT STEPS Here's your next step: =over =item * L<Type::Tiny::Manual::Optimization> Squeeze the most out of your CPU. =back =head1 AUTHOR Toby Inkster E<lt>tobyink@cpan.orgE<gt>. =head1 COPYRIGHT AND LICENCE This software is copyright (c) 2013-2014, 2017-2021 by Toby Inkster. This is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as the Perl 5 programming language system itself. =head1 DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTIES THIS PACKAGE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTIBILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. =cut